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Digest of Education Statistics
2008 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 20. Household income, population poverty rates, and poverty status of 5- to 17-year-olds, by state: 1990, 2000, and 2005–07
State Median household income, in constant 2007 dollars1  Percent of persons in poverty Poverty status of related children 5 through 17 years old2 
19903  20004  2005–07
(3-year average)
19903  20004  2005–07
(3-year average)
19903  20004  2007
Number in poverty (in thousands) Percent in poverty Number in poverty (in thousands) Percent in poverty Number in poverty (in thousands) Percent in poverty
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
United States $48,526 $52,257 $49,668 (172.7) 13.1 12.4 12.5 (0.12) 7,545 (7.8) 17.0 (0.02) 7,974 (5.8) 15.4 (0.01) 8,727 (178) 16.5 (0.3)
Alabama 38,098 42,477 40,232 (865.9) 18.3 16.1 15.2 (0.91) 178 (1.2) 23.2 (0.16) 165 (1.2) 20.3 (0.11) 188 (28) 24.1 (3.2)
Alaska 66,854 64,174 60,124 (1,059.0) 9.0 9.4 8.8 (0.79) 11 (0.3) 9.6 (0.27) 14 (0.3) 10.3 (0.18) 10 (3) 7.3 (1.9)
Arizona 44,464 50,470 47,750 (971.1) 15.7 13.9 14.7 (0.85) 136 (1.0) 20.3 (0.15) 171 (1.3) 17.8 (0.11) 239 (34) 19.6 (2.5)
Arkansas 34,142 40,047 39,279 (808.6) 19.1 15.8 15.1 (0.97) 107 (0.9) 23.8 (0.20) 98 (0.6) 20.1 (0.13) 94 (16) 18.4 (2.9)
California 57,797 59,099 55,864 (432.7) 12.5 14.2 12.7 (0.30) 894 (3.3) 17.2 (0.06) 1,217 (4.6) 18.5 (0.04) 1,123 (74) 16.7 (1.0)
                                         
Colorado 48,662 58,739 57,333 (940.7) 11.7 9.3 10.3 (0.79) 82 (0.8) 13.7 (0.13) 79 (0.7) 10.0 (0.08) 98 (22) 11.4 (2.4)
Connecticut 67,360 67,116 62,893 (1,415.7) 6.8 7.9 8.7 (0.73) 50 (0.8) 9.8 (0.15) 58 (0.7) 9.6 (0.10) 75 (16) 12.3 (2.5)
Delaware 56,307 58,960 54,310 (1,213.1) 8.7 9.2 9.3 (0.79) 12 (0.3) 11.0 (0.27) 15 (0.4) 10.9 (0.22) 17 (4) 11.4 (2.5)
District of Columbia 49,610 49,933 49,474 (1,228.8) 16.9 20.2 19.2 (1.16) 18 (0.4) 24.1 (0.59) 24 (0.4) 30.4 (0.44) 22 (4) (†)
Florida 44,372 48,306 46,142 (486.6) 12.7 12.5 11.7 (0.43) 344 (2.0) 17.5 (0.10) 434 (2.0) 16.6 (0.07) 499 (47) 16.9 (1.5)
                                         
Georgia 46,855 52,803 49,387 (761.3) 14.7 13.0 13.5 (0.61) 228 (1.6) 18.9 (0.14) 248 (1.4) 16.1 (0.09) 327 (37) 18.2 (1.9)
Hawaii 62,691 61,995 63,164 (1,185.2) 8.3 10.7 8.4 (0.73) 20 (0.5) 10.5 (0.25) 27 (0.6) 12.9 (0.18) 22 (5) 10.8 (2.4)
Idaho 40,778 46,754 47,876 (927.2) 13.3 11.8 9.8 (0.79) 32 (0.5) 14.4 (0.23) 33 (0.6) 12.6 (0.14) 35 (7) 12.5 (2.4)
Illinois 52,072 57,976 51,320 (754.0) 11.9 10.7 10.7 (0.49) 328 (1.6) 15.9 (0.08) 309 (1.5) 13.4 (0.05) 294 (36) 13.4 (1.6)
Indiana 46,494 51,725 46,407 (863.6) 10.7 9.5 11.7 (0.73) 132 (1.1) 12.8 (0.10) 119 (1.4) 10.6 (0.08) 195 (29) 16.9 (2.3)
                                         
Iowa 42,347 49,114 49,262 (1,030.8) 11.5 9.1 10.2 (0.85) 65 (0.7) 12.6 (0.14) 50 (0.6) 9.5 (0.09) 52 (13) 10.5 (2.4)
Kansas 44,062 50,552 46,659 (976.4) 11.5 9.9 12.3 (0.91) 59 (0.7) 12.8 (0.15) 53 (0.6) 10.4 (0.10) 66 (14) 13.5 (2.7)
Kentucky 36,382 41,901 39,678 (758.8) 19.0 15.8 15.7 (0.97) 161 (1.1) 23.2 (0.16) 137 (1.0) 19.4 (0.10) 145 (25) 19.7 (3.0)
Louisiana 35,437 40,525 39,461 (900.4) 23.6 19.6 17.1 (1.03) 267 (1.6) 30.4 (0.19) 223 (1.1) 25.3 (0.11) 155 (25) 20.2 (3.0)
Maine 44,971 46,341 47,160 (1,128.6) 10.8 10.9 11.2 (0.91) 27 (0.4) 12.3 (0.20) 27 (0.5) 12.0 (0.15) 26 (6) 12.8 (2.9)
                                         
Maryland 63,590 65,788 65,124 (1,137.9) 8.3 8.5 9.0 (0.67) 82 (1.0) 10.5 (0.12) 96 (0.9) 9.8 (0.09) 103 (22) 10.3 (2.1)
Massachusetts 59,660 62,844 58,286 (1,458.5) 8.9 9.3 11.1 (0.67) 112 (1.1) 12.2 (0.12) 122 (1.3) 11.4 (0.08) 157 (26) 15.0 (2.3)
Michigan 50,083 55,583 49,394 (649.7) 13.1 10.5 12.0 (0.55) 288 (1.5) 16.7 (0.09) 238 (1.1) 12.7 (0.05) 270 (34) 15.1 (1.8)
Minnesota 49,903 58,624 57,815 (1,037.8) 10.2 7.9 8.5 (0.67) 93 (0.8) 11.4 (0.10) 81 (0.7) 8.7 (0.06) 99 (21) 11.6 (2.3)
Mississippi 32,510 38,986 35,971 (947.8) 25.2 19.9 21.1 (1.09) 177 (1.2) 32.6 (0.21) 146 (1.0) 26.0 (0.13) 172 (22) 32.6 (3.5)
                                         
Missouri 42,562 47,204 45,834 (854.7) 13.3 11.7 11.9 (0.73) 150 (1.1) 16.2 (0.12) 148 (1.1) 14.4 (0.08) 218 (31) 21.0 (2.7)
Montana 37,115 41,094 41,852 (842.7) 16.1 14.6 13.4 (0.91) 29 (0.5) 18.4 (0.30) 29 (0.5) 17.1 (0.20) 19 (4) 12.4 (2.6)
Nebraska 42,004 48,842 49,861 (1,040.2) 11.1 9.7 9.9 (0.79) 37 (0.6) 12.0 (0.18) 36 (0.6) 11.1 (0.12) 37 (8) 11.4 (2.4)
Nevada 50,068 55,476 53,008 (1,016.0) 10.2 10.5 10.0 (0.79) 23 (0.5) 11.7 (0.26) 44 (0.7) 12.3 (0.16) 50 (12) 11.2 (2.5)
New Hampshire 58,654 61,556 63,942 (1,274.0) 6.4 6.5 5.6 (0.61) 12 (0.3) 6.4 (0.16) 15 (0.3) 6.7 (0.12) 11 (4) 4.7 (1.6)
                                         
New Jersey 66,078 68,623 65,933 (1,394.7) 7.6 8.5 8.1 (0.55) 134 (1.2) 10.8 (0.10) 158 (1.3) 10.5 (0.07) 143 (25) 9.6 (1.6)
New Mexico 38,889 42,474 42,295 (1,057.8) 20.6 18.4 16.3 (1.09) 83 (0.8) 26.3 (0.25) 87 (0.7) 23.6 (0.17) 48 (11) 13.6 (2.8)
New York 53,223 53,997 49,546 (660.6) 13.0 14.6 14.4 (0.49) 531 (2.5) 18.1 (0.09) 640 (2.6) 19.1 (0.06) 624 (54) 19.3 (1.5)
North Carolina 43,022 48,760 43,035 (677.4) 13.0 12.3 14.1 (0.67) 180 (1.2) 16.0 (0.11) 207 (1.2) 14.9 (0.07) 327 (38) 20.5 (2.1)
North Dakota 37,478 43,061 44,743 (943.6) 14.4 11.9 10.6 (0.85) 20 (0.4) 15.9 (0.30) 15 (0.2) 12.2 (0.17) 10 (3) 9.5 (2.3)
                                         
Ohio 46,347 50,965 47,750 (652.8) 12.5 10.6 12.4 (0.55) 321 (1.6) 16.2 (0.08) 268 (1.5) 12.9 (0.05) 320 (37) 16.2 (1.7)
Oklahoma 38,066 41,562 41,046 (1,086.1) 16.7 14.7 14.7 (0.97) 119 (1.0) 19.9 (0.16) 113 (1.0) 17.7 (0.11) 114 (20) 16.9 (2.8)
Oregon 43,996 50,915 48,521 (996.3) 12.4 11.6 12.2 (0.91) 68 (0.8) 13.4 (0.15) 77 (0.7) 12.8 (0.11) 89 (19) 14.3 (2.8)
Pennsylvania 46,933 49,907 49,155 (612.0) 11.1 11.0 11.0 (0.49) 284 (1.5) 14.5 (0.08) 292 (1.5) 13.6 (0.05) 280 (35) 14.3 (1.7)
Rhode Island 51,957 52,376 54,009 (1,237.4) 9.6 11.9 10.7 (0.85) 19 (0.5) 12.3 (0.30) 28 (0.7) 15.6 (0.25) 20 (5) 12.1 (2.8)
                                         
South Carolina 42,391 46,144 42,561 (983.8) 15.4 14.1 13.4 (0.91) 131 (1.2) 20.0 (0.19) 130 (1.2) 17.9 (0.12) 144 (25) 19.0 (3.0)
South Dakota 36,332 43,904 46,321 (974.8) 15.9 13.2 10.7 (0.79) 26 (0.5) 18.7 (0.33) 23 (0.3) 15.5 (0.21) 16 (3) 11.7 (2.3)
Tennessee 40,052 45,246 41,632 (725.9) 15.7 13.5 14.8 (0.79) 169 (1.2) 19.5 (0.13) 166 (1.2) 16.6 (0.10) 203 (29) 19.3 (2.5)
Texas 43,618 49,684 44,861 (482.7) 18.1 15.4 16.4 (0.49) 791 (3.1) 23.4 (0.09) 806 (2.6) 19.3 (0.06) 1,024 (71) 22.4 (1.4)
Utah 47,580 56,901 55,974 (1,026.4) 11.4 9.4 9.4 (0.73) 49 (0.7) 10.9 (0.16) 44 (0.6) 8.9 (0.09) 57 (11) 10.3 (1.9)
                                         
Vermont 48,100 50,840 51,566 (950.0) 9.9 9.4 8.4 (0.79) 11 (0.3) 10.7 (0.26) 11 (0.2) 9.9 (0.16) 9 (3) 10.1 (2.7)
Virginia 53,809 58,084 57,679 (1,007.4) 10.2 9.6 8.8 (0.55) 129 (1.2) 12.4 (0.12) 142 (1.3) 11.4 (0.08) 159 (26) 12.3 (1.9)
Washington 50,346 56,963 56,049 (967.9) 10.9 10.6 9.4 (0.67) 111 (0.9) 12.8 (0.10) 132 (1.4) 12.2 (0.09) 115 (23) 10.2 (2.0)
West Virginia 33,574 36,953 40,103 (796.2) 19.7 17.9 15.2 (0.91) 80 (0.8) 24.0 (0.23) 67 (0.6) 22.9 (0.17) 65 (10) 22.9 (3.1)
Wisconsin 47,535 54,493 50,619 (811.4) 10.7 8.7 10.4 (0.73) 121 (0.9) 13.3 (0.10) 100 (1.1) 10.0 (0.07) 132 (24) 14.0 (2.4)
Wyoming 43,747 47,152 48,205 (1,055.1) 11.9 11.4 10.5 (0.85) 12 (0.3) 12.6 (0.33) 12 (0.3) 12.5 (0.24) 9 (2) 9.9 (2.4)
† Not applicable.
‡ Reporting standards not met.
1 Adjusted by the Consumer Price Index research series using current methods (CPI-U-RS).
2 Related children in a family include own children and all other children in the household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption.
3 Based on 1989 incomes collected in the 1990 census. Data may differ from figures derived from the Current Population Survey.
4 Based on 1999 incomes collected in the 2000 census. Data may differ from figures derived from the Current Population Survey.
NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Standard errors in columns 12 and 13 cannot be shown with greater precision due to data source limitations.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, 1990 Summary Tape File 3 (STF 3), "Median Household Income in 1989" and "Poverty Status in 1989 by Family Type and Age," retrieved May 12, 2005, from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=DEC_1990_STF3_&_lang=en&_ts=134048804959; Decennial Census, 1990, Minor­ity Economic Profiles, unpublished data; Decennial Census, 2000, Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics; Census 2000 Summary File 4 (SF 4), "Poverty Status in 1999 of Related Children Under 18 Years by Family Type and Age," retrieved March 28, 2005, from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DTGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=DEC_2000_ SF4_U&_lang=en&_ts=134049420077; Current Population Reports, Series P-60, Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Cov­erage in the United States: 2007, "Poverty Status by State: 2007" and "Poverty 2007," retrieved September 15, 2008, from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty/poverty07.html; and "Median Household Income by State," retrieved September 15, 2008, from http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/income07.html. (This table was prepared September 2008.)

2008 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest