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Digest of Education Statistics
2005 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest


Table 112. Average scale score in reading and percentage of 4th-graders in public schools attaining reading achievement levels, by race/ethnicity and state or jurisdiction: Selected years, 1994 through 2005
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
                             |           |           |           |           |                              2005                               |
                             |           |           |           |           |_________________________________________________________________|         Percent attaining reading
                             |           |           |           |           |         |                 Race/ethnicity\1\                     |         achievement levels\2\, 2005
                             |           |           |           |           |         |_______________________________________________________|_________________________________________
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |  American|         |         |           |
                             |           |           |           |           |         |    White,|    Black,|          |     Asian/|   Indian/|         |         |     Profi-|
                             |       1994|       1998|       2002|       2003|         |     non- |     non- |          |    Pacific|    Alaska|    Below| Basic or|   cient or|      Ad-
State or jurisdiction        |    Average|    Average|    Average|    Average|  Average|  Hispanic|  Hispanic|  Hispanic|   Islander|    Native|    basic| above\3\|   above\4\|vanced\5\
_____________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|_________|__________|__________|__________|___________|__________|_________|_________|___________|_________
1                            |          2|          3|          4|          5|        6|         7|         8|         9|         10|        11|       12|       13|         14|       15
_____________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|_________|__________|__________|__________|___________|__________|_________|_________|___________|_________
   United States\6\ .........| 212  (1.1)| 213  (1.2)| 217  (0.5)|  216 (0.3)| 217(0.2)| 228 (0.2)| 199 (0.3)| 201 (0.5)|227.2 (0.9)|205  (1.3)| 38 (0.3)| 63 (0.3)|   30 (0.2)|   7(0.1)
                             |___________|___________|___________|___________|_________|__________|__________|__________|___________|__________|_________|_________|___________|_________
Alabama .....................| 208  (1.5)| 211  (1.9)| 207  (1.4)|  207 (1.7)| 208(1.2)| 220 (1.3)| 188 (1.8)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 47 (1.3)| 53 (1.3)|   22 (1.3)|   5(0.6)
Alaska ......................|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) |  212 (1.6)| 211(1.4)| 225 (1.3)| 212 (3.9)| 209 (3.6)|  206 (4.0)|183  (3.0)| 42 (1.5)| 58 (1.5)|   27 (1.3)|   5(0.5)
Arizona  ....................| 206  (1.9)| 206  (1.4)| 205  (1.5)|  209 (1.2)| 207(1.6)| 224 (1.9)| 193 (3.4)| 192 (1.7)|  224 (5.3)| ‡    (†) | 48 (1.7)| 52 (1.7)|   24 (1.7)|   6(0.6)
Arkansas ....................| 209  (1.7)| 209  (1.6)| 213  (1.4)|  214 (1.4)| 217(1.1)| 225 (1.0)| 194 (1.9)| 212 (4.2)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 37 (1.4)| 63 (1.4)|   30 (1.1)|   6(0.6)
California\7,8\ .............| 197  (1.8)| 202  (2.5)| 206  (2.5)|  206 (1.2)| 207(0.7)| 225 (1.2)| 195 (1.4)| 193 (0.8)|  223 (1.8)|213  (3.9)| 50 (0.9)| 50 (0.9)|   21 (0.7)|   5(0.4)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Colorado ....................| 213  (1.3)| 220  (1.4)|---    (†) |  224 (1.2)| 224(1.1)| 232 (1.2)| 207 (3.0)| 206 (1.6)|  231 (3.9)| ‡    (†) | 31 (1.3)| 70 (1.3)|   37 (1.6)|   8(0.9)
Connecticut .................| 222  (1.6)| 230  (1.6)| 229  (1.1)|  228 (1.1)| 226(1.0)| 234 (1.1)| 201 (1.9)| 203 (2.2)|  236 (4.2)| ‡    (†) | 29 (1.2)| 71 (1.2)|   38 (1.2)|  12(1.0)
Delaware ....................| 206  (1.1)| 207  (1.7)| 224  (0.6)|  224 (0.7)| 226(0.8)| 235 (0.9)| 212 (1.1)| 216 (2.2)|  239 (4.5)| ‡    (†) | 27 (1.4)| 73 (1.4)|   34 (1.2)|   7(0.8)
District of Columbia ........|---    (†) | 179  (1.2)| 191  (0.9)|  188 (0.9)| 191(1.0)| 252 (3.9)| 187 (1.0)| 193 (3.4)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 67 (1.0)| 33 (1.0)|   11 (0.8)|   2(0.4)
Florida .....................| 205  (1.7)| 206  (1.4)| 214  (1.4)|  218 (1.1)| 220(0.9)| 228 (1.4)| 203 (1.6)| 215 (1.6)|  230 (4.0)| ‡    (†) | 35 (1.0)| 65 (1.0)|   30 (1.2)|   7(0.7)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Georgia .....................| 207  (2.4)| 209  (1.4)| 215  (1.0)|  214 (1.3)| 214(1.2)| 226 (1.2)| 199 (1.5)| 203 (4.2)|  243 (5.1)| ‡    (†) | 42 (1.5)| 58 (1.5)|   26 (1.5)|   6(0.7)
Hawaii ......................| 201  (1.7)| 200  (1.5)| 208  (0.9)|  208 (1.4)| 210(1.0)| 224 (1.7)| 206 (4.8)| 211 (4.8)|  206 (1.1)| ‡    (†) | 47 (1.2)| 53 (1.2)|   23 (1.4)|   5(0.6)
Idaho .......................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 220  (1.1)|  218 (1.0)| 222(0.9)| 226 (0.8)|  ‡   (†) | 199 (2.8)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 31 (1.1)| 69 (1.1)|   33 (1.4)|   7(0.6)
Illinois ....................|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) |  216 (1.6)| 217(1.2)| 230 (1.1)| 194 (2.1)| 199 (2.5)|  230 (4.8)| ‡    (†) | 38 (1.3)| 62 (1.3)|   29 (1.3)|   7(0.7)
Indiana .....................| 220  (1.3)|---    (†) | 222  (1.4)|  220 (1.0)| 218(1.1)| 223 (1.2)| 197 (2.4)| 208 (2.9)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 36 (1.3)| 64 (1.3)|   30 (1.4)|   7(0.7)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Iowa\7,8\ ...................| 223  (1.3)| 220  (1.6)| 223  (1.1)|  223 (1.1)| 221(0.9)| 224 (0.9)| 201 (3.6)| 200 (2.9)|  224 (5.9)| ‡    (†) | 33 (1.3)| 68 (1.3)|   33 (1.2)|   7(0.5)
Kansas\7,8\ .................|---    (†) | 221  (1.4)| 222  (1.4)|  220 (1.2)| 221(1.3)| 225 (1.3)| 196 (2.5)| 203 (2.8)|  238 (4.9)| ‡    (†) | 34 (1.5)| 66 (1.5)|   33 (1.3)|   8(1.0)
Kentucky ....................| 212  (1.6)| 218  (1.5)| 219  (1.1)|  219 (1.3)| 220(1.1)| 222 (1.1)| 203 (2.3)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 35 (1.5)| 65 (1.5)|   31 (1.2)|   8(0.8)
Louisiana ...................| 197  (1.3)| 200  (1.6)| 207  (1.7)|  205 (1.4)| 209(1.3)| 223 (1.1)| 195 (1.7)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 47 (1.8)| 53 (1.8)|   20 (1.4)|   4(0.6)
Maine .......................| 228  (1.3)| 225  (1.4)| 225  (1.1)|  224 (0.9)| 225(0.9)| 225 (1.0)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 29 (1.2)| 71 (1.2)|   35 (1.3)|   9(0.8)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Maryland ....................| 210  (1.5)| 212  (1.6)| 217  (1.5)|  219 (1.4)| 220(1.3)| 233 (1.5)| 201 (1.5)| 210 (2.7)|  239 (3.6)| ‡    (†) | 35 (1.4)| 65 (1.4)|   32 (1.5)|   8(0.7)
Massachusetts\7\ ............| 223  (1.3)| 223  (1.4)| 234  (1.1)|  228 (1.2)| 231(0.9)| 237 (0.9)| 211 (1.9)| 203 (2.4)|  234 (4.1)| ‡    (†) | 22 (1.2)| 78 (1.2)|   44 (1.4)|  12(0.9)
Michigan ....................|---    (†) | 216  (1.5)| 219  (1.1)|  219 (1.2)| 218(1.5)| 226 (1.4)| 190 (2.7)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 37 (1.7)| 63 (1.7)|   32 (1.4)|   7(0.9)
Minnesota\7,8\ ..............| 218  (1.4)| 219  (1.7)| 225  (1.1)|  223 (1.1)| 225(1.3)| 231 (1.3)| 192 (3.8)| 204 (3.6)|  216 (4.6)| ‡    (†) | 29 (1.6)| 71 (1.6)|   38 (1.7)|  11(0.9)
Mississippi .................| 202  (1.6)| 203  (1.3)| 203  (1.3)|  205 (1.3)| 204(1.4)| 220 (1.4)| 190 (1.6)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 52 (1.7)| 48 (1.7)|   18 (1.4)|   3(0.5)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Missouri ....................| 217  (1.5)| 216  (1.3)| 220  (1.3)|  222 (1.2)| 221(0.9)| 226 (0.9)| 200 (2.6)| 210 (4.8)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 33 (1.2)| 67 (1.2)|   33 (1.3)|   7(0.8)
Montana\7,8\ ................| 222  (1.4)| 225  (1.5)| 224  (1.8)|  223 (1.2)| 225(1.1)| 228 (1.1)|  ‡   (†) | 226 (4.5)|   ‡   (†) |201  (2.0)| 29 (1.2)| 71 (1.2)|   36 (1.4)|   8(0.9)
Nebraska\9\ .................| 220  (1.5)|---    (†) | 222  (1.5)|  221 (1.0)| 221(1.2)| 228 (1.2)| 194 (2.5)| 202 (2.5)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 32 (1.4)| 68 (1.4)|   34 (1.4)|   7(0.8)
Nevada ......................|---   ---  | 206  (1.8)| 209  (1.2)|  207 (1.2)| 207(1.2)| 219 (1.5)| 192 (2.6)| 195 (1.7)|  212 (3.4)| ‡    (†) | 48 (1.5)| 52 (1.5)|   21 (1.3)|   4(0.6)
New Hampshire\7\ ............| 223  (1.5)| 226  (1.7)|---    (†) |  228 (1.0)| 227(0.9)| 228 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 26 (1.1)| 74 (1.1)|   39 (1.4)|   9(0.8)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
New Jersey ..................| 219  (1.2)|---    (†) |---    (†) |  225 (1.2)| 223(1.3)| 233 (1.1)| 199 (2.4)| 206 (2.3)|  241 (2.6)| ‡    (†) | 32 (1.6)| 68 (1.6)|   37 (1.5)|  10(0.8)
New Mexico ..................| 205  (1.7)| 205  (1.4)| 208  (1.6)|  203 (1.5)| 207(1.3)| 225 (1.5)| 206 (5.3)| 199 (1.6)|   ‡   (†) |190  (2.6)| 49 (1.5)| 51 (1.5)|   21 (1.4)|   4(0.5)
New York\7,8\ ...............| 212  (1.4)| 215  (1.6)| 222  (1.5)|  222 (1.1)| 223(1.1)| 232 (0.9)| 207 (1.8)| 208 (1.9)|  237 (2.9)| ‡    (†) | 31 (1.5)| 69 (1.5)|   33 (1.2)|   8(0.6)
North Carolina ..............| 214  (1.5)| 213  (1.6)| 222  (1.0)|  221 (1.0)| 217(1.0)| 227 (1.2)| 201 (1.5)| 204 (2.4)|  221 (6.2)| ‡    (†) | 39 (1.5)| 62 (1.5)|   29 (1.4)|   7(0.6)
North Dakota\8\ .............| 225  (1.2)|---    (†) | 224  (1.0)|  222 (0.9)| 225(0.7)| 228 (0.7)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) |199  (2.9)| 28 (1.1)| 72 (1.1)|   36 (1.1)|   7(0.6)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Ohio  .......................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 222  (1.3)|  222 (1.2)| 223(1.4)| 230 (1.3)| 197 (1.9)| 211 (5.6)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 31 (1.6)| 69 (1.6)|   34 (1.6)|   8(0.9)
Oklahoma ....................|---    (†) | 219  (1.2)| 213  (1.2)|  214 (1.2)| 214(1.1)| 219 (1.3)| 197 (2.9)| 204 (3.2)|   ‡   (†) |211  (1.8)| 40 (1.6)| 60 (1.6)|   25 (1.5)|   5(0.7)
Oregon ......................|---    (†) | 212  (1.8)| 220  (1.4)|  218 (1.3)| 217(1.4)| 223 (1.2)| 200 (4.8)| 194 (2.2)|  221 (4.2)| ‡    (†) | 38 (1.7)| 62 (1.7)|   29 (1.5)|   7(0.7)
Pennsylvania\9\ .............| 215  (1.6)|---    (†) | 221  (1.2)|  219 (1.3)| 223(1.3)| 229 (1.3)| 200 (2.5)| 203 (4.3)|  234 (5.4)| ‡    (†) | 31 (1.6)| 69 (1.6)|   36 (1.5)|   9(0.8)
Rhode Island\9\ .............| 220  (1.3)| 218  (1.4)| 220  (1.2)|  216 (1.3)| 216(1.2)| 224 (1.1)| 197 (3.2)| 192 (2.5)|  219 (6.1)| ‡    (†) | 38 (1.5)| 62 (1.5)|   30 (1.3)|   7(0.8)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
South Carolina ..............| 203  (1.4)| 209  (1.4)| 214  (1.3)|  215 (1.3)| 213(1.3)| 225 (1.7)| 197 (1.4)| 215 (4.4)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 43 (1.7)| 57 (1.7)|   26 (1.3)|   6(0.7)
South Dakota ................|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) |  222 (1.2)| 222(0.5)| 222 (0.6)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) |201  (2.3)| 30 (1.1)| 70 (1.1)|   33 (1.3)|   6(0.7)
Tennessee\8,9\ ..............| 213  (1.7)| 212  (1.4)| 214  (1.2)|  212 (1.6)| 214(1.4)| 222 (1.5)| 195 (2.5)| 199 (4.9)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 41 (1.7)| 59 (1.7)|   27 (1.8)|   6(0.8)
Texas .......................| 212  (1.9)| 214  (1.9)| 217  (1.7)|  215 (1.0)| 219(0.8)| 232 (1.0)| 206 (1.7)| 210 (1.2)|  234 (3.6)| ‡    (†) | 36 (1.1)| 64 (1.1)|   29 (0.9)|   6(0.5)
Utah ........................| 217  (1.3)| 216  (1.2)| 222  (1.0)|  219 (1.0)| 221(1.1)| 226 (1.0)|  ‡   (†) | 199 (2.4)|  218 (4.2)| ‡    (†) | 32 (1.3)| 68 (1.3)|   34 (1.3)|   8(0.8)
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Vermont .....................|---    (†) |---    (†) | 227  (1.1)|  226 (0.9)| 227(0.9)| 227 (0.9)|  ‡   (†) |  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 28 (1.3)| 72 (1.3)|   39 (1.2)|  10(1.0)
Virginia ....................| 213  (1.5)| 217  (1.2)| 225  (1.3)|  223 (1.5)| 226(0.8)| 233 (1.0)| 207 (1.2)| 218 (2.2)|  239 (2.7)| ‡    (†) | 28 (1.5)| 72 (1.5)|   37 (1.4)|   8(0.8)
Washington\8\ ...............| 213  (1.5)| 218  (1.4)| 224  (1.2)|  221 (1.1)| 224(1.1)| 228 (1.1)| 212 (2.8)| 202 (2.5)|  230 (2.6)| ‡    (†) | 30 (1.4)| 70 (1.4)|   36 (1.4)|   8(0.9)
West Virginia ...............| 213  (1.1)| 216  (1.7)| 219  (1.2)|  219 (1.0)| 215(0.8)| 215 (0.8)| 202 (3.2)|  ‡   (†) |   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 40 (1.1)| 61 (1.1)|   26 (1.0)|   5(0.7)
Wisconsin\7,8,9\ ............| 224  (1.1)| 222  (1.1)|---    (†) |  221 (0.8)| 221(1.0)| 227 (1.0)| 194 (2.5)| 208 (3.5)|  226 (4.5)| ‡    (†) | 33 (1.3)| 67 (1.3)|   33 (1.4)|   7(0.7)
Wyoming .....................| 221  (1.2)| 218  (1.5)| 221  (1.0)|  222 (0.8)| 223(0.7)| 227 (0.8)| 199  (†) | 204 (3.3)|   ‡   (†) | ‡    (†) | 29 (1.2)| 71 (1.2)|   35 (1.4)|   7(0.6)
                             |===========|===========|===========|===========|         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
                             |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
Department of Defense        |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
   dependents schools\10\ ...|---    (†) |---    (†) |---    (†) | ---   (†) | 226(0.6)| 232 (0.9)| 218 (2.0)| 219 (1.7)|  223 (3.0)| ‡    (†) | 25 (1.0)| 75 (1.0)|   36 (1.4)|   7(0.8)
  Domestic schools ..........|---    (†) | 219  (1.6)| 225  (0.7)|  223 (1.2)|---  (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) | ---   (†) |---   (†) |---  (†) |---  (†) | ---   (†) |---  (†)
  Overseas schools ..........| 218  (0.9)| 221  (1.0)| 224  (0.5)|  225 (0.6)|---  (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) | ---   (†) |---   (†) |---  (†) |---  (†) | ---   (†) |---  (†)
                             |           |           |           |           |=========|==========|==========|==========|===========|==========|=========|=========|===========|=========
Other jurisdictions          |           |           |           |           |         |          |          |          |           |          |         |         |           |
  Guam ......................| 181  (1.2)|---    (†) | 185  (1.3)| ---   (†) |---  (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) | ---   (†) |---   (†) |---  (†) |---  (†) | ---   (†) |---  (†)
  Virgin Islands ............|---    (†) | 174  (2.2)| 179  (1.9)| ---   (†) |---  (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) |---   (†) | ---   (†) |---   (†) |---  (†) |---  (†) | ---   (†) |---  (†)
_____________________________|___________|___________|___________|___________|_________|__________|__________|__________|___________|__________|_________|_________|___________|_________
---Not available.
†Not applicable.
‡Reporting standards not met.
\1\Based on school records.
\2\Achievement levels are in trial status.
\3\The basic level denotes partial mastery of the knowledge and skills that are fundamental for proficient work at the 4th-grade level.
\4\This level represents solid academic performance for 4th-graders. Students reaching this level have demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter.
\5\This level signifies superior performance.
\6\Based on nationally representative sample. Forty-one states and Guam participated in the test in 1994; 44 jurisdictions (state, territory, and Department of Defense schools) participated in 1998; 50 participated in 2002; and 53 participated in 2003 and 2005.
\7\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1998. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.
\8\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 2002. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.
\9\Did not satisfy one or more of the guidelines for school sample participation rates in 1994. Data are subject to appreciable nonresponse bias.
\10\The definition of the national sample has changed in 2005, it now includes all of the Department of Defense schools.
NOTE: The reading data includes students for whom accomodations were permitted. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Standard errors appear in parentheses.
SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), Reading Report Card for the Nation and the States, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2003 and 2005; and unpublished tabulations, NAEP Data Explorer (http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/nde/), retrieved October 2005. (This table was prepared October 2005.)


2005 Tables and Figures All Years of Tables and Figures Most Recent Full Issue of the Digest