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Digest of Education Statistics
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Table 110. Average student scale score in reading, by age and selected student and school characteristics: Selected years, 1971 to 2004

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Selected student and        |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
school characteristic       |     1971|    1975|    1980|    1984|    1988|    1990|   1992 |   1994 |   1996 |   1999 |   2004
____________________________|_________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________
1                           |       2 |      3 |      4 |      5 |      6 |      7 |      8 |      9 |     10 |      11|     12
____________________________|_________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________
9-year-olds\1\              |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
   Total ...................| 208(1.0)|210(0.7)|215(1.0)|211(0.7)|212(1.1)|209(1.2)|211(0.9)|211(1.2)|213(1.0)|212(1.3)|219(1.1)
                            |_________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________
Sex                         |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Male .....................| 201(1.1)|204(0.8)|210(1.1)|208(0.8)|208(1.4)|204(1.7)|206(1.3)|207(1.3)|207(1.4)|209(1.6)|216(1.4)
  Female ...................| 214(1.0)|216(0.8)|220(1.1)|214(0.8)|216(1.3)|215(1.2)|215(0.9)|215(1.4)|218(1.1)|215(1.5)|221(1.0)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Race/ethnicity              |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  White, non-Hispanic ......| 214(0.9)|217(0.7)|221(0.8)|218(0.8)|218(1.4)|217(1.3)|218(1.0)|218(1.3)|220(1.2)|221(1.6)|226(1.1)
  Black, non-Hispanic ......| 170(1.7)|181(1.2)|189(1.8)|186(1.1)|189(2.4)|182(2.9)|185(2.2)|185(2.3)|191(2.6)|186(2.3)|200(2.2)
  Hispanic .................|(\1\(---)|183(2.2)|190(2.3)|187(2.1)|194(3.5)|189(2.3)|192(3.1)|186(3.9)|195(3.4)|193(2.7)|205(1.7)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Region                      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Northeast ................| 213(1.7)|215(1.3)|221(2.1)|216(1.7)|215(2.6)|217(2.2)|218(2.6)|217(2.9)|220(1.8)|222(3.5)|223(2.5)
  Southeast ................| 194(2.9)|201(1.2)|210(2.3)|204(1.6)|207(2.1)|197(3.2)|199(2.0)|208(3.0)|206(2.8)|205(2.3)|218(1.8)
  Central ..................| 215(1.2)|216(1.2)|217(1.4)|215(1.5)|218(2.2)|213(2.0)|216(1.6)|214(2.3)|215(2.6)|215(3.9)|221(2.3)
  West .....................| 205(2.0)|207(2.0)|213(1.8)|208(1.5)|208(2.6)|210(2.8)|209(2.3)|205(2.8)|210(1.9)|206(1.8)|215(1.5)
                            |=========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========
13-year-olds                |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
   Total ...................| 255(0.9)|256(0.8)|259(0.9)|257(0.5)|258(1.0)|257(0.8)|260(1.2)|258(0.9)|258(1.0)|259(1.0)|259(1.0)
                            |_________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________
Sex                         |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Male .....................| 250(1.0)|250(0.8)|254(1.1)|253(0.6)|252(1.3)|251(1.1)|254(1.7)|251(1.2)|251(1.2)|254(1.3)|254(1.2)
  Female ...................| 261(0.9)|262(0.9)|263(0.9)|262(0.6)|263(1.0)|263(1.1)|265(1.2)|266(1.2)|264(1.2)|265(1.2)|264(1.3)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Race/ethnicity              |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  White, non-Hispanic ......| 261(0.7)|262(0.7)|264(0.7)|263(0.6)|261(1.1)|262(0.9)|266(1.2)|265(1.1)|266(1.0)|267(1.2)|266(1.0)
  Black, non-Hispanic ......| 222(1.2)|226(1.2)|233(1.5)|236(1.0)|243(2.4)|242(2.2)|238(2.3)|234(2.4)|234(2.6)|238(2.4)|244(2.0)
  Hispanic .................|(\1\) (†)|233(3.0)|237(2.0)|240(1.7)|240(3.5)|238(2.3)|239(3.5)|235(1.9)|238(2.9)|244(2.9)|242(1.6)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Parents' highest level      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
   of education             |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Not high school graduate .|---  (†) |--- (†) |239(1.1)|240(1.2)|246(2.1)|241(1.8)|239(2.6)|237(2.4)|239(2.8)|238(3.4)|240(2.7)
  Graduated high school ....|---  (†) |--- (†) |253(0.9)|253(0.8)|253(1.2)|251(0.9)|252(1.7)|251(1.4)|251(1.5)|251(1.8)|251(1.6)
  Some education after      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
     high school ...........|---  (†) |--- (†) |268(1.0)|266(1.1)|265(1.7)|267(1.7)|265(2.7)|266(1.9)|268(2.3)|269(2.4)|264(2.0)
  Graduated college ........|---  (†) |--- (†) |273(0.9)|268(0.9)|265(1.6)|267(1.1)|271(1.5)|269(1.2)|269(1.4)|270(1.2)|270(1.0)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Region                      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Northeast ................| 261(2.0)|259(1.8)|260(1.8)|260(0.6)|259(2.4)|259(1.8)|265(3.2)|269(2.0)|259(2.6)|263(2.9)|265(1.9)
  Southeast ................| 245(1.7)|249(1.5)|253(1.6)|256(1.5)|258(2.2)|256(2.2)|254(2.5)|253(2.5)|251(3.3)|254(2.4)|257(2.3)
  Central ..................| 260(1.8)|262(1.4)|265(1.4)|259(1.0)|256(2.0)|257(1.5)|264(3.0)|259(3.3)|267(1.8)|261(1.9)|260(2.1)
  West .....................| 254(1.3)|253(1.7)|256(2.0)|254(0.9)|258(2.1)|256(1.6)|258(1.6)|253(2.1)|257(1.7)|259(2.2)|255(1.6)
                            |=========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========|========
17-year-olds                |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
   Total ...................| 285(1.2)|286(0.8)|286(1.2)|289(0.6)|290(1.0)|290(1.1)|290(1.1)|288(1.3)|288(1.1)|288(1.3)|285(1.2)
                            |_________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________
Sex                         |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Male .....................| 279(1.2)|280(1.0)|282(1.3)|284(0.6)|286(1.5)|284(1.6)|284(1.6)|282(2.2)|281(1.3)|282(1.6)|278(1.5)
  Female ...................| 291(1.3)|291(1.0)|289(1.2)|294(0.8)|294(1.5)|297(1.2)|296(1.1)|295(1.5)|295(1.2)|295(1.4)|292(1.3)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Race/ethnicity              |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  White, non-Hispanic ......| 291(1.0)|293(0.6)|293(0.9)|295(0.7)|295(1.2)|297(1.2)|297(1.4)|296(1.5)|295(1.2)|295(1.4)|293(1.1)
  Black, non-Hispanic ......| 239(1.7)|241(2.0)|243(1.8)|264(1.0)|274(2.4)|267(2.3)|261(2.1)|266(3.9)|266(2.7)|264(1.7)|264(2.7)
  Hispanic .................|(\1\) (†)|252(3.6)|261(2.7)|268(2.2)|271(4.3)|275(3.6)|271(3.7)|263(4.9)|265(4.1)|271(3.9)|264(2.9)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Parents' highest level      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
   of education             |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Not high school graduate .|---  (†) |--- (†) |262(1.5)|269(1.4)|267(2.0)|270(2.8)|271(3.9)|268(2.7)|267(3.2)|265(3.6)|259(3.4)
  Graduated high school ....|---  (†) |--- (†) |277(1.0)|281(0.8)|282(1.3)|283(1.4)|280(1.6)|276(1.9)|273(1.7)|274(2.1)|274(1.6)
  Some education after      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
     high school ...........|---  (†) |--- (†) |295(1.2)|298(0.9)|299(2.2)|295(1.9)|293(1.9)|294(1.6)|295(2.2)|295(1.8)|286(1.9)
  Graduated college ........|---  (†) |--- (†) |301(1.0)|302(0.9)|300(1.4)|302(1.5)|301(1.7)|300(1.7)|299(1.5)|298(1.3)|298(1.3)
                            |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
Region                      |         |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
  Northeast ................| 291(2.8)|289(1.7)|286(2.4)|292(1.9)|295(2.9)|296(1.8)|297(3.2)|297(4.2)|292(2.8)|295(4.0)|290(2.5)
  Southeast ................| 271(2.4)|277(1.4)|280(2.2)|285(1.6)|286(2.1)|285(2.5)|278(2.9)|284(2.8)|279(2.6)|279(2.4)|281(2.1)
  Central ..................| 291(2.1)|292(1.4)|287(2.2)|290(1.4)|291(1.9)|294(2.4)|294(2.1)|286(3.7)|293(2.1)|292(1.5)|291(2.2)
  West .....................| 284(1.8)|282(1.9)|287(2.1)|288(1.1)|289(1.8)|287(2.6)|290(2.3)|288(2.8)|287(2.4)|286(3.0)|280(2.5)
____________________________|__________________|_________________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________

---Not available.
†Not applicable.
\1\Test scores of Hispanics were not tabulated separately.

NOTE: Includes public and private schools. The NAEP scores have been evaluated at certain performance levels. A score of 300 implies an ability to find, understand, summarize, and explain relatively complicated literary and informational material. A score of 250 implies an ability to search for specific information, interrelate ideas, and make generalizations about literature, science, and social studies materials. A score of 200 implies an ability to understand, combine ideas, and make inferences based on short uncomplicated passages about specific or sequentially related information. A score of 150 implies an ability to follow brief written directions and carry out simple, reading tasks. Scale ranges from 0 to 500. Excludes persons not enrolled in school and those who were unable to be tested due to limited proficiency in English or due to a disability. Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Standard errors appear in parentheses.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress, NAEP Trends in Academic Progress, various years. (This table was prepared July 2005.)