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| | | | | | | | | | | | | |Percent
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |change,
Field of engineering or science | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 |1990 to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | 2000
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1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15
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Total, all sciences and engineering ....|424,671 |434,567 |452,178 |471,262 |493,624 |504,409 |504,516 |499,750 |494,195 |487,316 |485,760 |493,410 |494,594 | 9.4
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Engineering, total .........................|102,829 |104,043 |107,625 |113,576 |118,003 |116,872 |113,024 |107,201 |103,224 |101,148 |100,038 |101,691 |104,601 | -2.8
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Aerospace ..............................| 3,223 | 3,524 | 3,934 | 4,120 | 4,036 | 3,940 | 3,715 | 3,343 | 3,208 | 3,083 | 3,137 | 3,349 | 3,407 | -13.4
Agricultural ...........................| 1,052 | 1,043 | 946 | 983 | 1,008 | 1,018 | 1,061 | 1,037 | 1,012 | 941 | 925 | 934 | 899 | -5.0
Biomedical .............................| 1,752 | 1,916 | 2,136 | 2,239 | 2,537 | 2,675 | 2,750 | 2,732 | 2,732 | 2,847 | 2,905 | 3,121 | 3,241 | 51.7
Chemical ...............................| 6,618 | 6,460 | 6,735 | 7,127 | 7,397 | 7,554 | 7,639 | 7,452 | 7,408 | 7,288 | 7,093 | 6,883 | 7,093 | 5.3
Civil ..................................| 14,811 | 14,909 | 15,542 | 17,398 | 19,572 | 19,583 | 19,925 | 19,218 | 18,528 | 17,193 | 16,517 | 16,226 | 16,456 | 5.9
Electrical .............................| 32,035 | 33,257 | 33,722 | 35,182 | 36,428 | 35,290 | 33,020 | 30,721 | 29,702 | 30,548 | 31,129 | 31,382 | 33,308 | -1.2
Engineering science ....................| 2,386 | 2,077 | 2,020 | 2,154 | 2,218 | 2,180 | 2,089 | 1,955 | 1,751 | 1,647 | 1,701 | 1,627 | 1,632 | -19.2
Industrial .............................| 11,393 | 11,094 | 11,248 | 12,676 | 13,525 | 13,905 | 13,992 | 13,475 | 12,675 | 11,957 | 11,221 | 11,803 | 12,253 | 8.9
Mechanical .............................| 16,151 | 16,265 | 16,879 | 17,730 | 18,637 | 18,477 | 17,761 | 16,363 | 15,509 | 15,045 | 14,696 | 14,956 | 15,457 | -8.4
Metallurgical/materials ................| 4,337 | 4,594 | 4,941 | 5,160 | 5,512 | 5,410 | 5,228 | 4,956 | 4,747 | 4,688 | 4,680 | 4,481 | 4,377 | -11.4
Mining .................................| 489 | 418 | 437 | 489 | 437 | 427 | 424 | 373 | 371 | 348 | 304 | 328 | 287 | -34.3
Nuclear ................................| 1,303 | 1,323 | 1,278 | 1,282 | 1,286 | 1,306 | 1,246 | 1,154 | 980 | 868 | 821 | 830 | 792 | -38.0
Petroleum ..............................| 742 | 665 | 670 | 705 | 737 | 725 | 624 | 610 | 562 | 561 | 571 | 642 | 627 | -6.4
Other engineering ......................| 6,537 | 6,498 | 7,137 | 6,331 | 4,673 | 4,382 | 3,550 | 3,812 | 4,039 | 4,134 | 4,338 | 5,129 | 4,772 | -33.1
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All sciences, total ........................|321,842 |330,524 |344,553 |357,686 |375,621 |387,537 |391,492 |392,549 |390,971 |386,168 |385,722 |391,719 |389,993 | 13.2
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Physical sciences, total .................| 32,962 | 33,616 | 34,075 | 34,710 | 35,348 | 35,328 | 34,466 | 33,399 | 32,333 | 31,105 | 30,575 | 30,691 | 30,463 | -10.6
Astronomy ..............................| 731 | 789 | 810 | 829 | 869 | 880 | 973 | 912 | 874 | 778 | 820 | 832 | 888 | 9.6
Chemistry ..............................| 18,579 | 18,828 | 19,118 | 19,407 | 19,929 | 20,131 | 19,803 | 19,570 | 19,334 | 18,774 | 18,482 | 18,416 | 18,188 | -4.9
Physics ................................| 13,308 | 13,657 | 13,813 | 14,081 | 14,122 | 13,841 | 13,162 | 12,425 | 11,728 | 11,147 | 10,809 | 10,869 | 10,836 | -21.6
Other physical sciences ................| 344 | 342 | 334 | 393 | 428 | 476 | 528 | 492 | 397 | 406 | 464 | 574 | 551 | 65.0
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Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences....| 13,867 | 13,643 | 13,984 | 14,480 | 15,333 | 15,721 | 15,957 | 15,716 | 15,183 | 14,548 | 14,258 | 14,083 | 13,940 | -0.3
Atmospheric sciences ...................| 940 | 912 | 929 | 968 | 1,089 | 1,112 | 1,109 | 1,072 | 1,086 | 1,092 | 965 | 913 | 963 | 3.7
Geosciences ............................| 8,463 | 8,052 | 7,692 | 7,567 | 7,744 | 7,759 | 7,713 | 7,582 | 7,304 | 6,959 | 6,687 | 6,637 | 6,595 | -14.3
Oceanography ...........................| 2,033 | 2,207 | 2,333 | 2,386 | 2,530 | 2,627 | 2,870 | 2,723 | 2,615 | 2,479 | 2,562 | 2,624 | 2,668 | 14.4
Other environmental sciences ...........| 2,431 | 2,472 | 3,030 | 3,559 | 3,970 | 4,223 | 4,265 | 4,339 | 4,178 | 4,018 | 4,044 | 3,909 | 3,714 | 22.6
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Mathematical sciences, total .............| 19,077 | 19,247 | 19,774 | 19,952 | 20,355 | 20,000 | 19,573 | 18,504 | 18,008 | 16,719 | 16,485 | 16,257 | 15,646 | -20.9
Mathematics and applied mathematics.....| 16,490 | 16,723 | 17,096 | 17,206 | 17,404 | 16,945 | 16,457 | 15,386 | 14,948 | 14,027 | 13,827 | 13,521 | 12,819 | -25.0
Statistics............................ | 2,587 | 2,524 | 2,678 | 2,746 | 2,951 | 3,055 | 3,116 | 3,118 | 3,060 | 2,692 | 2,658 | 2,736 | 2,827 | 5.6
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Computer sciences, total .................| 32,227 | 32,482 | 34,257 | 34,610 | 36,325 | 36,213 | 34,158 | 33,458 | 34,626 | 35,991 | 38,027 | 42,560 | 47,594 | 38.9
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Life sciences, total .....................|108,084 |111,862 |116,348 |121,849 |129,010 |136,948 |143,677 |148,414 |149,081 |148,615 |149,789 |151,256 |148,202 | 27.4
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Agricultural sciences, total ...........| 11,135 | 11,190 | 11,316 | 11,506 | 11,841 | 11,950 | 12,242 | 12,422 | 11,974 | 11,852 | 11,844 | 11,988 | 11,684 | 3.3
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Biological sciences, total .............| 47,565 | 48,852 | 49,989 | 51,778 | 54,180 | 56,292 | 58,033 | 58,680 | 58,060 | 57,044 | 56,994 | 57,115 | 56,494 | 13.0
Anatomy ..............................| 1,056 | 1,078 | 1,000 | 1,051 | 991 | 961 | 1,018 | 982 | 1,019 | 1,003 | 922 | 886 | 924 | -7.6
Biochemistry .........................| 4,921 | 5,082 | 5,039 | 5,201 | 5,376 | 5,489 | 5,615 | 5,562 | 5,275 | 5,102 | 5,148 | 5,101 | 4,963 | -1.5
Biology ..............................| 12,393 | 12,761 | 13,027 | 13,292 | 13,874 | 14,330 | 14,208 | 14,280 | 14,611 | 14,646 | 14,277 | 13,989 | 13,410 | 2.9
Biometry/epidemiology ................| 1,682 | 1,722 | 1,871 | 2,032 | 2,365 | 2,658 | 2,710 | 2,812 | 3,001 | 2,900 | 3,511 | 3,529 | 3,471 | 85.5
Biophysics ...........................| 592 | 655 | 642 | 697 | 751 | 780 | 794 | 845 | 833 | 748 | 737 | 710 | 745 | 16.0
Botany ...............................| 2,912 | 2,826 | 2,733 | 2,694 | 2,689 | 2,714 | 2,748 | 2,609 | 2,504 | 2,402 | 2,328 | 2,261 | 2,176 | -20.4
Cell biology .........................| 2,078 | 2,234 | 2,555 | 2,809 | 3,132 | 3,440 | 3,829 | 3,994 | 4,022 | 4,111 | 4,206 | 4,465 | 4,647 | 81.9
Ecology ..............................| 999 | 1,084 | 1,136 | 1,180 | 1,301 | 1,410 | 1,566 | 1,680 | 1,615 | 1,619 | 1,655 | 1,687 | 1,744 | 53.5
Entomology/parasitology ..............| 1,240 | 1,181 | 1,173 | 1,171 | 1,193 | 1,247 | 1,263 | 1,241 | 1,234 | 1,161 | 1,168 | 1,145 | 1,104 | -5.9
Genetics .............................| 1,289 | 1,365 | 1,408 | 1,520 | 1,639 | 1,785 | 1,699 | 1,700 | 1,729 | 1,760 | 1,705 | 1,767 | 1,705 | 21.1
Microbiology, immunology, & virology .| 4,773 | 4,827 | 4,873 | 4,928 | 4,972 | 5,021 | 5,094 | 5,026 | 4,912 | 4,805 | 4,773 | 4,815 | 4,815 | -1.2
Nutrition ............................| 4,132 | 4,164 | 4,172 | 4,164 | 4,159 | 4,388 | 4,791 | 5,071 | 4,918 | 4,604 | 4,486 | 4,508 | 4,430 | 6.2
Pathology ............................| 1,333 | 1,369 | 1,354 | 1,449 | 1,456 | 1,575 | 1,707 | 1,670 | 1,656 | 1,674 | 1,580 | 1,580 | 1,529 | 12.9
Pharmacology .........................| 2,124 | 2,267 | 2,353 | 2,432 | 2,532 | 2,651 | 2,839 | 2,710 | 2,663 | 2,597 | 2,730 | 2,757 | 2,959 | 25.8
Physiology ...........................| 2,220 | 2,206 | 2,236 | 2,332 | 2,317 | 2,372 | 2,378 | 2,540 | 2,377 | 2,298 | 2,151 | 2,083 | 2,007 | -10.2
Zoology ..............................| 2,029 | 2,083 | 2,104 | 2,191 | 2,139 | 2,042 | 2,028 | 2,006 | 1,852 | 1,669 | 1,622 | 1,558 | 1,481 | -29.6
Other biosciences ....................| 1,792 | 1,948 | 2,313 | 2,635 | 3,294 | 3,429 | 3,746 | 3,952 | 3,839 | 3,945 | 3,995 | 4,274 | 4,384 | 89.5
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Health fields, total ...................| 49,384 | 51,820 | 55,043 | 58,565 | 62,989 | 68,706 | 73,402 | 77,312 | 79,047 | 79,719 | 80,951 | 82,153 | 80,024 | 45.4
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Medical fields ...................... | 10,101 | 10,232 | 10,950 | 11,707 | 12,594 | 14,233 | 15,065 | 15,566 | 15,396 | 15,503 | 16,690 | 17,355 | 16,569 | 51.3
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Other health fields ...................| 39,283 | 41,588 | 44,093 | 46,858 | 50,395 | 54,473 | 58,337 | 61,746 | 63,651 | 64,216 | 64,261 | 64,798 | 63,455 | 43.9
Dentistry ............................| 1,048 | 1,004 | 956 | 1,016 | 1,121 | 1,228 | 1,298 | 1,338 | 1,388 | 1,491 | 1,518 | 1,467 | 1,430 | 49.6
Nursing ..............................| 18,862 | 19,689 | 21,194 | 22,012 | 23,213 | 24,781 | 26,997 | 28,405 | 27,388 | 26,861 | 25,591 | 25,074 | 23,341 | 10.1
Pharmaceutical sciences ..............| 2,613 | 2,787 | 2,889 | 2,968 | 2,792 | 2,859 | 2,887 | 2,808 | 2,846 | 2,710 | 2,882 | 3,422 | 3,605 | 24.8
Speech pathology/audiology ...........| 7,479 | 7,911 | 8,354 | 8,945 | 9,791 | 10,740 | 11,473 | 12,092 | 12,973 | 13,320 | 13,331 | 13,600 | 13,655 | 63.5
Veterinary sciences ..................| 752 | 801 | 900 | 894 | 942 | 924 | 922 | 975 | 997 | 1,224 | 1,288 | 1,314 | 1,367 | 51.9
Other health related .................| 8,529 | 9,396 | 9,800 | 11,023 | 12,536 | 13,941 | 14,760 | 16,128 | 18,059 | 18,610 | 19,651 | 19,921 | 20,057 | 104.7
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Psychology, total ........................| 43,963 | 45,528 | 48,167 | 51,343 | 53,484 | 54,557 | 54,554 | 53,641 | 53,122 | 53,126 | 52,557 | 51,864 | 50,689 | 5.2
Psychology, general ....................| 15,443 | 19,408 | 20,108 | 19,555 | 18,802 | 18,962 | 18,356 | 17,636 | 16,832 | 17,246 | 17,095 | 16,235 | 15,710 | -21.9
Clinical psychology ....................| 20,548 | 9,298 | 9,916 | 10,834 | 12,090 | 12,526 | 12,684 | 12,519 | 12,787 | 13,098 | 12,733 | 12,798 | 12,488 | 25.9
Other psychology .......................| 7,972 | 16,822 | 18,143 | 20,954 | 22,592 | 23,069 | 23,514 | 23,486 | 23,503 | 22,782 | 22,729 | 22,831 | 22,491 | 24.0
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Social sciences, total ...................| 71,662 | 74,146 | 77,948 | 80,742 | 85,766 | 88,770 | 89,107 | 89,417 | 88,618 | 86,064 | 84,031 | 85,008 | 83,459 | 7.1
Agricultural economics .................| 2,259 | 2,276 | 2,273 | 2,364 | 2,522 | 2,415 | 2,289 | 2,338 | 2,117 | 2,043 | 1,995 | 2,014 | 2,079 | -8.5
Anthropology ...........................| 5,945 | 6,128 | 6,479 | 6,731 | 7,123 | 7,361 | 7,665 | 7,693 | 7,773 | 7,560 | 7,577 | 7,633 | 7,633 | 17.8
Economics (except agricultural) ........| 12,036 | 12,139 | 12,326 | 12,707 | 13,252 | 13,214 | 12,913 | 12,673 | 12,080 | 11,097 | 10,701 | 10,562 | 10,763 | -12.7
Geography ..............................| 3,208 | 3,479 | 3,530 | 3,760 | 4,102 | 4,378 | 4,502 | 4,371 | 4,331 | 4,287 | 4,326 | 4,250 | 4,044 | 14.6
History and philosophy of science ......| 288 | 304 | 331 | 337 | 360 | 369 | 387 | 401 | 409 | 443 | 508 | 557 | 532 | 60.7
Linguistics ............................| 3,243 | 3,286 | 3,404 | 3,425 | 3,277 | 3,321 | 3,279 | 3,194 | 3,156 | 3,068 | 2,935 | 2,799 | 2,674 | -21.4
Political science ......................| 27,723 | 29,194 | 30,582 | 31,707 | 33,797 | 35,076 | 34,317 | 34,298 | 33,252 | 32,083 | 30,828 | 31,381 | 31,179 | 2.0
Sociology ..............................| 7,117 | 7,405 | 7,801 | 8,393 | 9,011 | 9,425 | 9,498 | 9,564 | 9,425 | 9,413 | 9,058 | 8,966 | 8,689 | 11.4
Sociology/anthropology .................| 960 | 988 | 1,164 | 899 | 979 | 935 | 987 | 941 | 923 | 948 | 857 | 741 | 745 | -36.0
Other social sciences ..................| 8,883 | 8,947 | 10,058 | 10,419 | 11,343 | 12,276 | 13,270 | 13,944 | 15,152 | 15,122 | 15,246 | 16,105 | 15,121 | 50.3
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